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Related Concept Videos

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Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

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Related Experiment Video

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Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
05:31

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Published on: February 26, 2020

Word order processing in the bilingual brain.

Dorothee Saur1, Annette Baumgaertner, Anja Moehring

  • 1Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 64, 79106 Freiburg, Germany. dorothee.saur@uniklinik-freiburg.de

Neuropsychologia
|September 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Age of onset impacts bilingual syntactic processing. Late bilinguals show increased brain activation for second language word order, unlike early bilinguals, suggesting age influences language learning.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The critical period hypothesis for second language acquisition remains debated.
  • Age of onset (AOA) influences syntactic processing, but word order processing specifically is under-examined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of AOA on syntactic word order processing in bilinguals.
  • To compare brain activation patterns in early versus late bilinguals during sentence comprehension.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used.
  • Participants included early bilinguals (acquired both languages before age 3) and late bilinguals (acquired L2 after age 10).
  • Subjects processed French and German sentences with varied subject-verb order.

Main Results:

  • Late bilinguals exhibited greater left inferior frontal cortex activation when processing their second language (L2) compared to their first language (L1).
  • Early bilinguals showed no significant activation differences between L1 and L2.
  • Native French speakers showed higher activation for verb-subject order than native German speakers.

Conclusions:

  • AOA significantly modulates syntactic processing in L2, particularly affecting grammatical structures that differ in the native language.
  • These findings support the influence of critical periods on the neural processing of second languages.