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Related Concept Videos

The Mammary Glands01:12

The Mammary Glands

The female breast is a hemispheric projection of variable size positioned anterior to the pectoralis major and serratus anterior muscles. A fascia layer composed of dense, irregular connective tissue connects it to these muscles.
Each breast features a pigmented projection known as the nipple, through which milk emerges via closely spaced openings of ducts, referred to as lactiferous ducts. Surrounding the nipple is a circular pigmented area of skin named the areola, which appears rough due to...

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Changes in Mammary Gland Morphology and Breast Cancer Risk in Rats
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[Hormones and mammographic breast density].

M Boisserie-Lacroix1, N Lebiez-Michel, P Cavagni

  • 1Service de Radiologie, CHU Saint-André, 1 rue Jean Burguet, 33075 Bordeaux cedex, France. martine.boisserie-lacroix@chu-bordeaux.fr

Journal De Radiologie
|September 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can increase breast density, potentially impacting mammogram accuracy. Continuous combined estrogen-progestin preparations are most likely to increase density, affecting cancer detection and follow-up rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Radiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Hormonal interventions, including hormone replacement therapy (HRT), can alter breast density.
  • Endogenous and exogenous hormones influence breast density.
  • Understanding these hormonal effects is crucial for accurate breast cancer screening.

Observation:

  • Continuous combined estrogen-progestin preparations are most associated with increased acquired breast density.
  • Estrogen alone and tibolone show a lower likelihood of increasing breast density.
  • Hormonal influences on breast density can affect mammographic sensitivity and specificity.

Findings:

  • Increased breast density due to hormonal therapy reduces mammography's sensitivity and specificity.
  • This can lead to a higher risk of interval breast cancers.
  • False positive results increase, necessitating more short-interval follow-ups.

Implications:

  • Mammographic screening protocols may need adjustment for patients on hormonal therapy.
  • Interruption of hormonal therapy before mammography is a consideration, with duration being a key factor.
  • Further research is needed to optimize screening strategies in this population.