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Related Concept Videos

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Profiling of Methyltransferases and Other S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine-binding Proteins by Capture Compound Mass Spectrometry (CCMS)
17:12

Profiling of Methyltransferases and Other S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine-binding Proteins by Capture Compound Mass Spectrometry (CCMS)

Published on: December 20, 2010

A highly sensitive single-enzyme homocysteine assay.

Yuying Tan1, Robert M Hoffman

  • 1A/C Diagnostics, LLC and AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, California 92111, USA.

Nature Protocols
|September 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary

A new method accurately measures total plasma homocysteine (tHCY) using minimal blood from a finger prick. This rapid assay has potential for widespread health screening and early detection.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Elevated total plasma homocysteine (tHCY) is linked to various health conditions.
  • Accurate and accessible methods for tHCY measurement are crucial for clinical diagnostics and research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and describe a novel protocol for quantifying tHCY concentrations.
  • To utilize a selective enzyme and portable fluorescence reader for efficient tHCY analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Employing recombinant homocysteine alpha, gamma-lyase (rHCYase) for selective tHCY conversion to hydrogen sulfide (H2S).
  • Quantifying H2S via its reaction with N,N-dibutyl phenylene diamine (DBPDA) to form a fluorescent product.
  • Utilizing a small, portable fluorescence reader for rapid detection.

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Profiling of Methyltransferases and Other S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine-binding Proteins by Capture Compound Mass Spectrometry (CCMS)
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Main Results:

  • The assay requires only 5 microliters of plasma or serum, obtainable via finger prick.
  • The method demonstrates selectivity, avoiding interference from physiological concentrations of cysteine and other plasma components.
  • The entire assay procedure is completed in approximately 20 minutes.

Conclusions:

  • This protocol offers a sensitive, specific, and rapid method for tHCY measurement.
  • The minimal sample requirement and portability of the reader suggest significant potential for point-of-care testing and mass screening programs.
  • The assay provides a valuable tool for monitoring tHCY levels in diverse clinical settings.