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ApoB/ApoA-I ratio in young patients with ischemic cerebral stroke or peripheral arterial disease

Adriano Paula Sabino1, Marinez De Oliveira Sousa, Luciana Moreira Lima

  • 1Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, University Hospital-Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

Translational Research : the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine
|September 9, 2008
PubMed

Insights

In young patients, elevated levels of C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-I (ApoB/ApoA-I) ratio are independently linked to increased risks of ischemic stroke (IS) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). These markers indicate significant lipid and inflammatory changes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Dyslipidemia is a known risk factor for atherothrombotic diseases, but its specific association with vascular diseases beyond myocardial infarction, particularly in younger individuals, requires further clarification.
  • Established risk factors like smoking and hypertension are well-documented, yet the role of lipid and apolipoprotein profiles in young patients with ischemic cerebral stroke (IS) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) remains less defined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between lipid and apolipoprotein profiles and the occurrence of IS and PAD in young patients.
  • To identify specific biomarkers associated with increased risk of IS and PAD in this demographic, considering inflammatory markers.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of plasma levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), total cholesterol (TC), HDLc, LDLc, triglycerides (TG), apolipoproteins A-I (ApoA-I), and apolipoproteins B (ApoB) in 81 young patients with IS or PAD and 167 controls.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to compare profiles between groups and to identify independent risk factors after adjusting for covariates including age, sex, smoking, hypertension, and various lipid parameters.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in hs-CRP, TC, HDLc, LDLc, TG, ApoA-I, ApoB levels, and the ApoB/ApoA-I ratio were observed between patients with IS/PAD and controls.
  • After adjustment for confounding factors, hs-CRP, ApoB, and the ApoB/ApoA-I ratio remained independently associated with an increased risk of IS or PAD.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated ApoB/ApoA-I ratio and hs-CRP levels are significant independent predictors of IS and PAD in young patients.
  • These findings highlight the importance of assessing lipid and apolipoprotein profiles, alongside inflammatory markers, for risk stratification of vascular diseases in younger populations.

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