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Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

The Effect of Interfacial Chemical Bonding in TiO2-SiO2 Composites on Their Photocatalytic NOx Abatement Performance
11:47

The Effect of Interfacial Chemical Bonding in TiO2-SiO2 Composites on Their Photocatalytic NOx Abatement Performance

Published on: July 4, 2017

Granulating titania powder by colloidal route using polyelectrolytes.

Antoine Pringuet1, Cécile Pagnoux, Arnaud Videcoq

  • 1SPCTS, ENSCI, CNRS, Limoges, France.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|September 9, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel chemical granulation method uses poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) to bind titania powders into millimeter-sized spheres. This inexpensive technique offers an energy-efficient alternative to spray-drying for ceramic processing.

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Published on: March 27, 2018

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

The Effect of Interfacial Chemical Bonding in TiO2-SiO2 Composites on Their Photocatalytic NOx Abatement Performance
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Chemical Synthesis of Porous Barium Titanate Thin Film and Thermal Stabilization of Ferroelectric Phase by Porosity-Induced Strain

Published on: March 27, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Ceramic Processing

Background:

  • Polyelectrolytes like poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) are typically used to disperse oxide powders, preventing agglomeration and sedimentation in aqueous suspensions.
  • These dispersions are crucial for forming ceramic parts due to their low viscosity.
  • The established role of PSS is in achieving stable, well-dispersed titania (TiO2) suspensions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a new, convenient, and inexpensive chemical route for processing and granulating titania powders.
  • To explore the binder properties of PSS at concentrations below those typically used for dispersion.
  • To develop a simple method for forming millimeter-sized titania spheres.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a formulation containing poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) with titania (TiO2) powders.
  • Investigating the behavior of TiO2-PSS mixtures at sub-dispersive concentrations of PSS.
  • Employing surface chemistry principles to explain the observed granulation phenomenon.
  • Adding a polycation, chitosan, to PSS-dispersed titania for sphere formation.

Main Results:

  • At low PSS concentrations, PSS acts as a binder, imparting cohesion to titania agglomerates.
  • This binding effect allows for the formation of large, millimeter-sized titania spheres.
  • The phenomenon is explained by the dual positive and negative charges on the titania surface.
  • Stable dispersions require optimal PSS concentrations, while granulation occurs at lower, sub-optimal levels.

Conclusions:

  • A novel, cost-effective chemical granulation technique for titania powders has been developed.
  • The method leverages the unexpected binding properties of PSS at low concentrations.
  • This approach offers significant advantages over energy-intensive methods like spray-drying.
  • The technique is expected to gain attention for its simplicity and efficiency in ceramic processing.