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Left cranial vena cava in a horse.

V S Cox1, A F Weber, A de Lima

  • 1Department of Veterinary Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108.

Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia
|March 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

A normal horse presented with a complete left cranial vena cava (LCVC) and absence of the right. This rare vascular anomaly involved the azygous vein and coronary sinus, with no other abnormalities found.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Anatomy
  • Comparative Cardiology
  • Vascular Development

Background:

  • Congenital cardiovascular anomalies are infrequently documented in equine populations.
  • Understanding variations in great vessel anatomy is crucial for diagnostic imaging and surgical planning.

Observation:

  • A case of complete absence of the right cranial vena cava (RCVC) in an otherwise healthy horse.
  • A well-developed left cranial vena cava (LCVC) was present, receiving venous return typically associated with the RCVC.
  • The azygous vein followed an aberrant path, draining into the LCVC via the coronary sinus orifice.

Findings:

  • The LCVC coursed over the left atrium to the caudal heart aspect, emptying into the right atrium.
  • The vena cordis magna joined the LCVC approximately 6 cm from its termination.
  • No other developmental abnormalities were identified during complete dissection.

Implications:

  • This case contributes to the limited literature on cranial vena cava anomalies in horses.
  • Highlights the importance of recognizing anatomical variations in veterinary diagnostics.
  • Provides a reference for comparative studies on thoracic venous system development.

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