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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
09:34

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

Published on: August 16, 2021

[Cosyntropin test in severe active tuberculosis].

Luis Javier Casanova-Cardiel1, Oscar Israel Flores-Barrientos, Muslim Schabib-Hany

  • 1Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y Medicina Crítica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico, D.F. hinfecto@hotmail.com

Cirugia Y Cirujanos
|September 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Adrenal insufficiency is common in severe tuberculosis, affecting 39% of critically ill patients. Early steroid treatment alongside tuberculosis therapy showed promise for symptom improvement.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
09:34

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

Published on: August 16, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Adrenal insufficiency prevalence in tuberculosis (TB) ranges widely (0-58%) but often excludes critically ill patients.
  • Severe active tuberculosis presents unique challenges for adrenal function assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate adrenal insufficiency using a low-dose cosyntropin test in patients with severe active tuberculosis.
  • To assess the impact of hydrocortisone treatment in these patients.

Main Methods:

  • A low-dose ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) stimulation test was performed on 18 patients with severe active tuberculosis.
  • Patients received hydrocortisone and four antituberculous drugs during hospitalization.
  • Abnormal adrenal response was defined by a cortisol elevation <7 microg/dl post-ACTH.

Main Results:

  • Adrenal insufficiency was detected in 39% (7/18) of patients.
  • No specific clinical or laboratory data predicted abnormal adrenal response.
  • Symptom improvement was observed with combined antituberculous and hydrocortisone treatment, except in one HIV-positive patient.

Conclusions:

  • Adrenal insufficiency is a frequent complication of severe active tuberculosis.
  • Further randomized clinical trials are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of supplemental steroid treatment in this population.