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Related Concept Videos

The Central Dogma01:20

The Central Dogma

The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA nucleotides to the amino acid sequence of proteins.
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
Complementary DNA01:44

Complementary DNA

Overview
Complementary DNA01:44

Complementary DNA

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Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Detection of Cell-Free DNA in Blood Plasma Samples of Cancer Patients
08:25

Detection of Cell-Free DNA in Blood Plasma Samples of Cancer Patients

Published on: September 9, 2020

[Advance in human free circulating DNA].

Ying Hu1, Hong Ni

  • 1College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. huying19810926@yahoo.com.cn

Yi Chuan = Hereditas
|September 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extracellular free DNA, found in various organisms and human body fluids, shows potential for disease monitoring and diagnostics. This review covers its biological traits and applications in research.

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Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Context:

  • Extracellular free DNA (cfDNA) is prevalent across zoology, botany, and human physiology.
  • cfDNA analysis is integral to various biological research fields.

Purpose:

  • To review the biological characteristics of extracellular free DNA.
  • To summarize recent research advancements in cfDNA detection and analysis.
  • To explore the diverse applications of cfDNA in scientific and medical contexts.

Summary:

  • This review details the biological properties of extracellular free DNA (cfDNA).
  • It highlights recent research findings and technological developments in cfDNA detection.
  • Current and emerging applications of cfDNA in disease monitoring, prenatal diagnosis, and oncology are discussed.

Impact:

  • Provides a comprehensive overview of cfDNA for researchers and clinicians.
  • Facilitates understanding of cfDNA's role in health and disease.
  • Highlights the diagnostic and prognostic potential of cfDNA analysis.