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Related Concept Videos

The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
Proofreading01:31

Proofreading

Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore,  it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase Enzyme
Proofreading01:43

Proofreading

Synthesis of new DNA molecules starts when DNA polymerase links nucleotides together in a sequence that is complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity for the correct base to ensure fidelity in DNA replication. The DNA polymerase furthermore proofreads during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.Errors during Replication Are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase EnzymeGenomic DNA is synthesized in...
Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
DNA Replication02:40

DNA Replication

DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
Replication in Prokaryotes
DNA replication uses a large number of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

DNA Polymerase Activity Assay Using Near-infrared Fluorescent Labeled DNA Visualized by Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
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DNA Polymerase Activity Assay Using Near-infrared Fluorescent Labeled DNA Visualized by Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis

Published on: October 6, 2017

DNA polymerase-catalyzed DNA network growth.

Sascha Keller1, Jie Wang, Madhaviah Chandra

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, Universität Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created 3D DNA networks using DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This method allows customizable network structures and the addition of functional groups, offering a versatile platform for nanotechnology applications.

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DNA Polymerase Activity Assay Using Near-infrared Fluorescent Labeled DNA Visualized by Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
07:38

DNA Polymerase Activity Assay Using Near-infrared Fluorescent Labeled DNA Visualized by Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis

Published on: October 6, 2017

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes
05:37

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Published on: April 4, 2025

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation
09:26

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

Published on: December 29, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • DNA's unique base-pairing properties enable precise molecular interactions.
  • DNA nanotechnology utilizes these properties for constructing nanoscale architectures.
  • Directed self-organization is crucial for creating complex nanostructures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for constructing 3D DNA-based networks.
  • To enable amplification of these DNA networks using PCR.
  • To provide a flexible platform for tuning network properties and introducing functionalities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing DNA as a scaffold for self-organization.
  • Employing DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for network generation and amplification.
  • Varying template size to control network mesh size.
  • Incorporating chemically modified nucleotides during PCR.

Main Results:

  • Successful construction of 3D DNA-based networks.
  • Demonstration of PCR amplification for generating these networks.
  • Tunable network mesh sizes achieved by altering template dimensions.
  • Introduction of functionalities and reporter moieties via modified nucleotides.

Conclusions:

  • The developed PCR-based method offers a versatile approach for creating tunable 3D DNA networks.
  • This technique allows for the incorporation of diverse functionalities, expanding applications in nanotechnology.
  • The ability to amplify DNA networks provides a scalable route for nanostructure fabrication.