A layered ultra-porous scaffold for tissue engineering, created via a hydrospinning method

In this work we propose a new method titled "layered hydrospinning." In this method, nanofibers are being collected on top of a liquid reservoir and assembled layer-by-layer to form a 3D scaffold. The geometrical features of fabricated hydrospun scaffolds show a porosity of 99% and pores of a diameter over 100 microm. Cells were seeded during the hydrospinning process, thus achieving an initial even density of cells in the scaffold. We show that human embryonic stem cells and mouse myoblasts cultured on the scaffolds were able to infiltrate further into the scaffolds and proliferate to a greater extent, compared to conventional electrospun scaffolds collected on a plate.