Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis
07:24

Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis

Published on: February 6, 2021

Endophthalmitis: gram positive ethiological agents and susceptibility to glycopeptides

Giuseppe Chisari1

  • 1Center for Ocular Microbiology, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 78-95123 Catania, Italy. gchisari@unict.it

Current Clinical Pharmacology
|September 11, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Teicoplanin and vancomycin effectively treat Gram-positive bacterial endophthalmitis. Teicoplanin demonstrated superior potency against certain bacteria, suggesting it may be a preferred antibiotic for postoperative endophthalmitis.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Endophthalmitis is a severe ocular infection with a significant risk of vision loss.
  • Postoperative endophthalmitis incidence ranges from 0.13% to 0.7%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify Gram-positive bacteria causing endophthalmitis.
  • To evaluate the susceptibility of these bacteria to teicoplanin and vancomycin.

Main Methods:

  • Vitreous samples from 2001-2007 were cultured for bacterial identification.
  • Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of teicoplanin and vancomycin were determined.

Main Results:

  • Staphylococcus epidermidis (31.8%) was the most frequent isolate, followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Peptococcus spp., and Bacillus spp.
  • All tested Gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to both teicoplanin and vancomycin.
  • Teicoplanin exhibited greater potency against streptococci and anaerobic bacteria compared to vancomycin.

Conclusions:

  • Teicoplanin and vancomycin are effective against common Gram-positive bacteria causing endophthalmitis.
  • Teicoplanin shows comparable or superior activity to vancomycin, particularly against streptococci and anaerobes.

More Related Videos

Intracameral Injection in Rats with Low Risk of Adverse Effects06:19

Intracameral Injection in Rats with Low Risk of Adverse Effects

Published on: May 31, 2024

Related Concept Videos

Inhibitors of Gram-positive Cell Wall Synthesis01:23

Inhibitors of Gram-positive Cell Wall Synthesis

Bacterial cell walls are typically rigid structures composed mainly of peptidoglycan, a mesh-like polymer that provides mechanical strength and maintains cell shape. The synthesis of peptidoglycan is a crucial process in bacterial growth and serves as a primary target for many antibiotics.Mechanism of Action of Beta-Lactam AntibioticsBeta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin, inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis in actively growing cells. These antibiotics share a characteristic four-membered...
Microbiome of the Eye01:22

Microbiome of the Eye

The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...
Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis01:25

Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis

Aminoglycosides constitute a highly potent class of bactericidal antibiotics that exert their antimicrobial effects by targeting the bacterial ribosome, specifically disrupting protein synthesis. These polycationic molecules consist of amino-modified sugars linked via glycosidic bonds to an aminocyclitol core such as 2-deoxystreptamine or streptamine. Their strong positive charges facilitate tight binding to the negatively charged phosphate backbone of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), primarily at the 16S...
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
Bacterial Cell Wall01:22

Bacterial Cell Wall

The bacterial cell wall is an essential structural component that encases the plasma membrane, preserving cellular integrity, determining shape, and protecting against osmotic stress. This rigid yet flexible structure primarily comprises peptidoglycan, a polymer that forms a mesh-like matrix conferring mechanical strength and flexibility.Peptidoglycan Composition and StructurePeptidoglycan, the core of the bacterial cell wall, comprises alternating units of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...