Novel therapeutic options in metastatic renal cancer - review and post ASCO 2007 update

Stephan Kruck1, Markus A Kuczyk, Georgios Gakis

  • 1Department of Urology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tuebingen, Germany.

Insights

New targeted therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, are showing promise for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). These agents, particularly multikinase inhibitors and antiangiogenic drugs, offer improved options over traditional interferon (IFN) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Conventional cytokine-based therapies like interferon (IFN) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) had limited effectiveness for progressive renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
  • Advanced renal cell carcinoma necessitates novel therapeutic strategies due to the shortcomings of existing treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss the efficacy of emerging targeted therapies for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of multikinase inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents in first- and second-line mRCC treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical data presented at ASCO 2007.
  • Analysis of mono- and combination therapy regimens involving targeted agents.

Main Results:

  • Targeted therapies, especially tyrosine kinase inhibitors, are of significant interest.
  • Multikinase inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents (VEGFR, PDGFR-beta, mTOR) are utilized in current first- and second-line mRCC therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted therapies represent a crucial advancement in treating advanced renal cell carcinoma.
  • Further investigation into mono- and combination regimes of these novel agents is warranted.

Related Concept Videos

Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistent Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...