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Guidelines for Writing Outcome01:11

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Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care evaluation by...
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Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
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Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
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Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Development of the Treatment Outcomes Profile.

John Marsden1, Michael Farrell, Colin Bradbury

  • 1Division of Psychological Medicine and Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry (King's College London), 4 Windsor Walk, London, UK. john.marsden@iop.kcl.ac.uk

Addiction (Abingdon, England)
|September 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The Treatment Outcomes Profile (TOP) is a new 20-item tool that reliably monitors substance misuse treatment outcomes. It assesses substance use, health, crime, and social functioning, proving effective for treatment planning and review.

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Area of Science:

  • Addiction Medicine
  • Psychometrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Effective monitoring of substance misuse treatment is crucial for evaluating interventions and improving patient care.
  • Existing instruments may not comprehensively capture the multifaceted outcomes of diverse treatment modalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate the Treatment Outcomes Profile (TOP), a novel instrument for monitoring outcomes in substance misuse treatment.
  • To establish the reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change of the TOP instrument.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 1021 service users across 63 English treatment agencies.
  • Psychometric evaluation included inter-rater reliability (7-day retest) and follow-up (1-month) for validity and change sensitivity.
  • Data collected via personal interviews using 38 measures across substance use, health, crime, and social functioning domains with 28-day recall.

Main Results:

  • Twenty outcome measures met reliability criteria, including substance use frequency, injection practices, health status, criminal activity, social functioning, quality of life, and housing stability.
  • High inter-rater reliability (ICC ≥ 0.75, Kappa ≥ 0.61) and satisfactory validity and change sensitivity were demonstrated.
  • The TOP clinical tool includes an additional 10 items for individualized treatment planning and review.

Conclusions:

  • The Treatment Outcomes Profile (TOP) is a psychometrically sound, 20-item instrument.
  • The TOP provides a reliable and valid means for monitoring diverse outcomes in substance misuse treatment.
  • This instrument supports effective treatment planning and outcome evaluation in addiction services.