Investigative procedures in urogynecology

History and physical examination do not always correlate with final urodynamic diagnoses in incontinent women. A large number of diagnostic procedures are available to help the clinician establish the correct diagnosis. The importance of urine culture, Q-tip test, ultrasound, pessary test for potential incontinence, neurophysiologic testing, endoscopy, urethral pressure profiles, stress/pad tests, uroflowmetry, and cystometry are discussed. The physician should understand the importance and limitations of each of the different investigative procedures.