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Related Concept Videos

Couette Flow

Couette Flow

Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...

Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Along a Streamline

Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Along a Streamline

Bernoulli's equation relates the energy conservation in a fluid moving along a streamline. The equation applies to incompressible and inviscid fluids under steady flow. For such a flow, Newton's second law is applied to a small fluid element, which experiences forces due to pressure differences, gravity, and velocity variations. The force balance leads to the following form of Bernoulli's equation:

Typical Model Studies

Typical Model Studies

Fluid mechanics model studies often utilize scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior in full-scale environments, such as river flows, dam spillways, and structures interacting with open surfaces. Maintaining Froude number similarity in river models is crucial, as it replicates surface flow features like wave patterns and velocities.

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes

Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely axial,...

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the streamlines...

Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Normal to a Streamline

Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Normal to a Streamline

Bernoulli's equation for flow normal to a streamline explains how pressure varies across curved streamlines due to the outward centrifugal forces induced by the fluid's curvature. The pressure is higher on the inner side of the curve, near the center of curvature, and decreases outward to balance these centrifugal forces.
The pressure difference depends on the fluid's velocity and radius of curvature. The pressure variation is minimal in flows with nearly straight streamlines. However, the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO2 Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO₂ Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs

Published on: July 2, 2020

Numerical modelling of foam Couette flows.

I Cheddadi¹, P Saramito, C Raufaste

¹Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann, Université J. Fourier, CNRS and INRIA, 51, rue des Mathématiques, 38400, Saint-Martin d'Hères Cedex, France.

The European Physical Journal. E, Soft Matter

|September 16, 2008

Summary

This study validates a visco-elasto-plastic model for liquid foams, accurately predicting shear localization and transient behaviors observed in Couette flow experiments.

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Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO2 Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO₂ Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs

Published on: July 2, 2020

Microfluidic Devices for Characterizing Pore-scale Event Processes in Porous Media for Oil Recovery Applications

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Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

Area of Science:

Continuum Mechanics
Rheology
Material Science

Background:

Liquid foams exhibit complex flow behaviors under shear.
Understanding these behaviors is crucial for applications involving foams, emulsions, and granular materials.
Existing models may not fully capture the interplay of elasticity, plasticity, and viscoelasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a numerical model for simulating bidimensional Couette flow of liquid foams.
To investigate the roles of elasticity, plasticity, and viscoelasticity in foam deformation.
To compare model predictions with experimental measurements for both stationary and transient flow conditions.

Main Methods:

A tensorial visco-elasto-plastic model based on continuous mechanics was employed.
Numerical computations were performed for a bidimensional Couette flow between glass plates.
The model incorporated plate friction and was parameterized by standard material properties.
Model outputs were compared against experimental measurements.

Main Results:

The model successfully reproduced key features of liquid foam behavior, including shear localization.
Acute transient observations during flow were accurately captured by the model.
Experimental measurements showed good agreement with the numerical predictions.
Plasticity was identified as the primary mechanism driving flow localization.

Conclusions:

The validated visco-elasto-plastic model provides a robust framework for simulating liquid foam rheology.
The model's ability to predict shear localization highlights the importance of plasticity.
The approach shows potential for extension to other soft materials like emulsions and granular media.