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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
06:04

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

Tympanic membrane changes following paediatric cochlear implantation.

Yvonne Chan1, Paolo Campisi, Adrian L James

  • 1Cochlear Implant Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Cochlear Implants International
|September 16, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Cochlear implantation in children may lead to tympanic membrane scarring, particularly near the electrode array. Further research is needed to understand the clinical significance of this finding.

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Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
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Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

Performing Repeated Intraoperative Impedance Telemetry Measurements during Cochlear Implantation
06:54

Performing Repeated Intraoperative Impedance Telemetry Measurements during Cochlear Implantation

Published on: August 4, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric audiology
  • Medical device research

Background:

  • Cochlear implantation is a common treatment for pediatric hearing loss.
  • The long-term effects of cochlear implant devices on middle ear structures require ongoing investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of cochlear implantation on the tympanic membrane in pediatric patients.
  • To identify any associated tympanic membrane abnormalities and their potential causes.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 84 pediatric cochlear implant recipients.
  • Examination of the implanted ear's external auditory canal and tympanic membrane.
  • Retrospective collection of demographic and clinical data.

Main Results:

  • Abnormal tympanic membrane findings were observed in 46.9% of patients.
  • The most frequent abnormality was tympanic membrane scarring near the electrode array.
  • No significant association found between tympanic membrane findings and patient demographics or clinical history.

Conclusions:

  • Cochlear implantation may result in tympanic membrane scarring.
  • The clinical significance of this scarring remains undetermined.
  • Avoiding dehiscence of the posterior external auditory canal wall is recommended to prevent tympanic membrane retraction pockets.