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Temperament profiles from infancy to middle childhood: development and associations with behavior problems
Harald Janson1, Kristin S Mathiesen
1Atferdssenteret, Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, Oslo, Norway. harald.janson@atferdssenteret.no
Developmental Psychology
|September 17, 2008
Summary
This study tracked temperament development in Norwegian children using a person-oriented approach. Temperament profiles changed with age, showing stability and distinct developmental pathways influencing behavior.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Child Psychology
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Temperament is a foundational aspect of personality.
- Understanding temperament development is crucial for child psychology.
- Previous research often used variable-oriented approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To apply the I-States as Objects Analysis (ISOA) person-oriented approach to temperament development.
- To identify and classify temperament profiles in a large sample of Norwegian children.
- To examine developmental changes and stability of temperament profiles over time.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a population-based sample of 921 Norwegian children.
- Employed cluster analysis on mother reports of temperament (activity, sociability, emotionality, shyness) at multiple ages (18 months to 8-9 years).
- Applied the I-States as Objects Analysis (ISOA) framework.
Main Results:
- Identified a 5-profile temperament classification that was interpretable and replicable.
- Observed significant changes in profile prevalence and considerable individual stability.
- Found distinct developmental sequences and consistent patterns of behavioral problems associated with temperament profiles across ages.
Conclusions:
- Individual temperament values gain meaning within the context of the whole person.
- Temperament development exhibits lawful changes over time.
- Replication with diverse data sources and advanced statistical methods is recommended for future research.
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