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Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
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Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
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In Vivo Detection and Analysis of Rb Protein SUMOylation in Human Cells
09:40

In Vivo Detection and Analysis of Rb Protein SUMOylation in Human Cells

Published on: November 2, 2017

Regulation and function of JunB in cell proliferation.

Marc Piechaczyk1, Rosa Farràs

  • 1IGMM (Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier), CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 05, France. marc.piechaczyk@igmm.cnrs.fr

Biochemical Society Transactions
|September 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

JunB, a transcription factor, acts as both a tumor suppressor and a cell division promoter. This review explores its complex roles in regulating cell cycle phases, including its less-understood functions in G2 and M.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • JunB is a transcription factor belonging to the Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) family.
  • It is recognized for its roles in cell proliferation inhibition, senescence induction, and tumor suppression.
  • JunB influences cell cycle progression through differential gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the known and potential mechanisms of JunB's involvement in cell cycle control.
  • To highlight the under-explored roles of JunB in the G2 and M phases of the cell cycle.
  • To elucidate the dual functions of JunB in cell division regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on JunB and cell cycle regulation.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying JunB's effects on gene expression.
  • Examination of JunB's impact on different cell cycle phases (G1, S, G2, M).

Main Results:

  • JunB inhibits proliferation and induces senescence by upregulating p16INK4alpha and downregulating cyclin D1 in G1.
  • JunB promotes cell division by stimulating cyclin A2 gene expression during S-phase.
  • Emerging evidence suggests a role for JunB in mitosis preparation (G2/M phases).

Conclusions:

  • JunB exhibits context-dependent, dual roles in cell cycle regulation, acting as both an inhibitor and promoter of cell division.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand JunB's functions in the G2 and M phases.
  • JunB's complex regulatory activities make it a significant target for cancer research.