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Related Concept Videos

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Acne Infection01:27

Acne Infection

Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders01:24

Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders

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Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation
03:20

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Published on: August 19, 2025

Therapeutic interventions for vitiligo.

Maxine E Whitton1, Darren M Ashcroft, Urbà González

  • 1Cochrane Skin Group, Nottingham, United Kingdom.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|September 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Current vitiligo treatments are unsatisfactory. A Cochrane review found moderate evidence for topical steroids and phototherapy, but studies had limitations.

More Related Videos

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes
09:38

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes

Published on: August 27, 2021

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Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation
03:20

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Published on: August 19, 2025

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes
09:38

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes

Published on: August 27, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Evidence-based medicine
  • Systematic reviews

Background:

  • Vitiligo affects 1% of the global population with currently unsatisfactory treatments.
  • A Cochrane review systematically analyzed randomized controlled trials for vitiligo interventions.
  • Nineteen trials were included in the review.

Discussion:

  • Moderate evidence supports topical steroids for vitiligo treatment.
  • Limited to moderate evidence exists for various phototherapy (ultraviolet A and B) regimens.
  • Evidence for topical khellin with UVA, topical tacrolimus/calcipotriol with UV, oral ginkgo biloba, and grafts is limited.

Key Insights:

  • Topical steroids and phototherapy show short-term benefits.
  • Study designs and reporting quality were generally poor.
  • Variations in study design and outcomes limit definitive conclusions.

Outlook:

  • Future research should prioritize long-term follow-up and patient-centered outcomes.
  • Incorporating psychologic interventions into study designs is crucial.
  • Improved study methodology is needed to strengthen evidence for vitiligo treatments.