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Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control01:24

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control

Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers01:22

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers

Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass filters, manage...
Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control01:21

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control

Phase-lag controllers are widely used in control systems to improve stability and reduce steady-state errors. A dimmer switch controlling the brightness of a light bulb serves as a practical example of phase-lag control, gradually adjusting the bulb's brightness. Mathematically, phase-lag control or low-pass filtering is represented when the factor 'a' is less than 1.
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any finite,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
08:36

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

Circadian phase resetting via single and multiple control targets.

Neda Bagheri1, Jörg Stelling, Francis J Doyle

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA.

Plos Computational Biology
|September 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals new methods beyond light to control circadian rhythms, improving phase recovery by nearly 3-fold. These findings offer robust strategies for maintaining biological timing and preventing illness.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
08:36

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Systems Biology
  • Control Theory

Background:

  • Circadian entrainment ensures physiological functions align with the 24-hour day.
  • Disrupted circadian rhythms are linked to sleep, neuro-behavioral issues, and cancer.
  • Light is the primary known synchronizer for circadian rhythms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel control targets for circadian phase resetting.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of model predictive control (MPC) for circadian regulation.
  • To demonstrate robustness of MPC in synchronizing biological rhythms.

Main Methods:

  • Sensitivity analysis to identify key control targets.
  • Model predictive control (MPC) algorithm implementation.
  • Testing on short- and long-period mutant phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • Identified additional control targets that outperform light-based methods by nearly 3-fold.
  • Demonstrated robust phase resetting using MPC, even with model mismatch.
  • Successfully synchronized mutant phenotypes to a 24-hour cycle.

Conclusions:

  • Model predictive control offers a powerful, multi-target approach to circadian regulation.
  • This method shows immediate applicability in experimental research and medicine.
  • Effective circadian regulation may reduce the risk of chronic diseases.