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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Bone mineral density changes in relation to environmental PCB exposure.

Susan Hodgson1, Laura Thomas, Elena Fattore

  • 1Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. susan.hodgson@ncl.ac.uk

Environmental Health Perspectives
|September 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Organochlorine exposure may affect bone mineral density (BMD) differently in men and women. This study found specific PCBs were linked to altered BMD in older adults near the Baltic coast.

Keywords:
bone mineral densityp,p′-DDEpolychlorinated biphenylstoxic equivalents

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Microhardness Measurements on Tooth and Alveolar Bone in Rodent Oral Disease Models
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Microhardness Measurements on Tooth and Alveolar Bone in Rodent Oral Disease Models

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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
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Microhardness Measurements on Tooth and Alveolar Bone in Rodent Oral Disease Models
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Microhardness Measurements on Tooth and Alveolar Bone in Rodent Oral Disease Models

Published on: April 26, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology
  • Bone Metabolism

Background:

  • Organochlorine compounds are environmental contaminants with suspected links to bone toxicity.
  • Previous epidemiological studies on organochlorine exposure and bone health have shown inconsistent findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between organochlorine exposure and bone mineral density (BMD) in adults aged 60-81 years.
  • To examine sex-specific effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and p,p'-DDE on BMD in a population near a contaminated river.

Main Methods:

  • Forearm BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
  • Low BMD was assessed using age- and sex-standardized Z-scores.
  • Blood samples were analyzed for specific dioxin-like and non-dioxin-like PCBs, and p,p'-DDE.

Main Results:

  • In males, dioxin-like chlorobiphenyl (CB)-118 showed a negative association with BMD, increasing the odds of low BMD.
  • The sum of abundant non-dioxin-like PCBs was positively associated with BMD in males, but did not reduce the risk of low BMD.
  • In females, CB-118 was positively associated with BMD, but did not significantly influence the risk of low BMD.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental organochlorine exposure in this Swedish population may have led to sex-specific alterations in bone mineral density.
  • Findings suggest that long-term exposure to certain organochlorines can impact bone health in an age- and sex-dependent manner.