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Selenium species in selenium-enriched and drought-exposed potatoes.
Petra Cuderman1, Ivan Kreft, Mateja Germ
1Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1111 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|September 18, 2008
Summary
Selenium (Se) speciation in potato tubers was analyzed. Selenate and selenomethionine were the primary soluble Se forms, irrespective of water availability or extraction method.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Physiology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element with varying bioavailability depending on its chemical form.
- Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a globally important crop, and understanding Se uptake and speciation is crucial for its nutritional enhancement.
- Foliar application of selenium (Se) can be a strategy to increase Se content in crops.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate selenium (Se) speciation in potato tubers (cv. Desiree) after foliar application of sodium selenate.
- To evaluate the influence of water availability (well-watered vs. drought) on Se speciation in potato tubers.
- To compare different extraction methods (water, enzymatic hydrolysis, ultrasound-assisted) for determining water-soluble Se species.
Main Methods:
- Potato plants were subjected to four treatments: well-watered or drought-stressed, with or without foliar Se application.
- Water-soluble Se compounds were extracted from tubers using water, enzymatic hydrolysis (protease XIV, amylase), or ultrasound-assisted extraction.
- Separation of Se species (SeCys2, SeMet, SeMeSeCys, selenite, selenate) was performed using ion-exchange chromatography coupled with ICP-MS detection.
Main Results:
- Selenate and selenomethionine (SeMet) were the dominant soluble Se species, constituting 51-68% of total Se in potato tubers.
- The concentration of extracted selenate was consistent across different enzymatic extraction methods.
- The extraction yield of SeMet varied significantly (10-36%) depending on the specific extraction protocol employed.
Conclusions:
- Selenium speciation in potato tubers is primarily characterized by selenate and SeMet, regardless of water stress or applied extraction techniques.
- The choice of extraction method can influence the recovery yield of specific Se species like SeMet.
- Foliar application of sodium selenate effectively enriches potato tubers with selenium, with selenate and SeMet being the predominant forms.