Spondylogenic disorders in gymnasts

Spondylogenic injuries in gymnasts are not uncommon. As participation in organized gymnastics increases, health care professionals will be caring for more gymnasts who have spondylogenic disorders. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature regarding evaluation and treatment of various spondylogenic injuries. After defining various disorders, the mechanism of stress reaction in bone is presented. This aids the reader's understanding of how stress reactions can occur and progress in the gymnast. According to the literature, the gymnast usually presents with fairly reliable signs and symptoms, especially pain with hyperextension of the lumbar spine during single leg stance. Radiological studies are of significant diagnostic assistance, especially when a bone scan is used in conjunction with x-rays. Medical treatment methods vary widely, from complete immobilization to simple activity limitation. The rehabilitation and preventative aspects of care, as they relate to physical therapy, are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on spinal stabilization exercises to increase strength and muscular coordination. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1991;14(1):6-13.