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Shoulder injuries in ice hockey.

R C Finke, S Goodwin Gerberich, M Madden

    The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy
    |January 1, 1988
    PubMed
    Summary

    High school ice hockey players experience frequent shoulder injuries, with acromioclavicular joint separations being most common. Prevention strategies focus on coaching, rule enforcement, and equipment improvements to reduce these sports injuries.

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    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Orthopedics
    • Injury Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Ice hockey is a high-contact sport with a significant risk of injury, particularly among adolescent athletes.
    • Shoulder injuries are common in ice hockey, impacting player performance and long-term health.
    • Understanding injury patterns is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies in youth sports.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the incidence, types, and severity of shoulder injuries in high school ice hockey players.
    • To identify specific game situations, player positions, and external factors contributing to these injuries.
    • To propose evidence-based recommendations for injury prevention in ice hockey.

    Main Methods:

    • Prospective study analyzing shoulder injury data from 480 high school ice hockey players over two competitive seasons (1982-1983 and 1983-1984).

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  • Data collection included injury type, severity, game context, player position, cause of injury, and residual symptoms.
  • Statistical analysis to determine injury rates and identify risk factors.

    • Main Results:

    • A shoulder injury rate of 9.4 per 100 players was recorded, with acromioclavicular joint separation being the most frequent injury.
    • 44% of injuries were moderate, and 18% were major in severity, with 59% of injured players reporting persistent symptoms.
    • 88% of injuries occurred during games, often due to contact with the ice boards (54%) and associated with illegal play (43%).

    Conclusions:

    • Targeted injury prevention strategies are needed, including improved coaching techniques, stricter rule enforcement, and safer rink dasher designs.
    • Further research is essential to identify additional risk factors for ice hockey injuries.
    • Emphasis on protective equipment and player education can mitigate the risk of severe shoulder injuries in high school hockey.