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Breastfeeding and feeding patterns in three birth cohorts in Southern Brazil: trends and differentials

Cesar G Victora1, Alicia Matijasevich, Iná S Santos

  • 1Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil. cvictora@terra.com.br

Cadernos De Saude Publica
|September 18, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Breastfeeding duration in Brazil significantly increased between 1982 and 2004, with exclusive breastfeeding rates also rising. However, current breastfeeding practices still fall short of international recommendations.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Breastfeeding is crucial for infant health and development.
  • Trends in breastfeeding practices require ongoing monitoring to inform public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze changes in breastfeeding duration and complementary feeding practices over three decades in Pelotas, Brazil.
  • To evaluate the impact of public health interventions on breastfeeding trends.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative analysis of three population-based birth cohorts (1982, 1993, 2004).
  • Home-based interviews around 12 months of age to collect data on breastfeeding duration and food introduction.
  • Statistical analysis to compare trends across cohorts and demographic groups.

Main Results:

  • Median breastfeeding duration increased from 3.1 to 6.8 months between 1982 and 2004.
  • Exclusive breastfeeding at three months rose from negligible levels to one-third of infants by 2004, with accelerated growth post-1993.
  • Breastfeeding patterns varied by socioeconomic status, with higher prevalence in higher-income families initially, shifting to lower-income families later in infancy.

Conclusions:

  • Breastfeeding promotion activities appear to have positively impacted duration and exclusivity.
  • Further interventions are needed to align breastfeeding practices with international guidelines.
  • Targeted support is essential for low birth weight infants and those from low-income families.

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