Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...

T Cell Types and Functions

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Multi-dimensional metabolomic analysis of aroma and bitterness reshaping driven by hybridization between lettuce and celtuce.

Food chemistry·2026

Same author

Functional screening of TCR-like antibodies using STAR-T cell library for cancer immunotherapy.

EMBO molecular medicine·2026

Same author

Targeting tumor-specific T cells with LAG3-directed interleukin-2 prevents T-cell exhaustion and reinvigorates antitumor immunity.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy·2026

Same author

Fueling the fire: aspartate deficiency primes and fuels STING activation.

The Journal of clinical investigation·2026

Same author

IL-12 augments adoptive cell therapy by reshaping CD8<sup>+</sup> T dynamics and broadening antitumor immunity.

Cancer letters·2026

Same author

Multivalent nanoparticles activate T-dependent antibody response via antigen presentation by both B cells and dendritic cells.

Cell reports·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Preparation of Single-Cell Suspension of Mouse Thymic Epithelial Cells and Staining of Intracellular Molecules for Flow Cytometric Analysis

Preparation of Single-Cell Suspension of Mouse Thymic Epithelial Cells and Staining of Intracellular Molecules for Flow Cytometric Analysis

Published on: July 26, 2024

Coordinating development of medullary thymic epithelial cells.

Mingzhao Zhu¹, Yang-Xin Fu

¹The Department of Pathology and Committee on Immunology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

|September 19, 2008

Summary

Autoreactive T cells and TNF receptor superfamily members coordinate to regulate the development of medullary thymic epithelial cells. This finding is crucial for understanding T cell maturation and immune tolerance.

More Related Videos

3D Organotypic Co-culture Model Supporting Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cell Proliferation, Differentiation and Promiscuous Gene Expression

3D Organotypic Co-culture Model Supporting Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cell Proliferation, Differentiation and Promiscuous Gene Expression

Published on: July 30, 2015

Preparation and Applications of Organotypic Thymic Slice Cultures

Preparation and Applications of Organotypic Thymic Slice Cultures

Published on: August 6, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Preparation of Single-Cell Suspension of Mouse Thymic Epithelial Cells and Staining of Intracellular Molecules for Flow Cytometric Analysis

Preparation of Single-Cell Suspension of Mouse Thymic Epithelial Cells and Staining of Intracellular Molecules for Flow Cytometric Analysis

Published on: July 26, 2024

3D Organotypic Co-culture Model Supporting Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cell Proliferation, Differentiation and Promiscuous Gene Expression

3D Organotypic Co-culture Model Supporting Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cell Proliferation, Differentiation and Promiscuous Gene Expression

Published on: July 30, 2015

Preparation and Applications of Organotypic Thymic Slice Cultures

Preparation and Applications of Organotypic Thymic Slice Cultures

Published on: August 6, 2016

Area of Science:

Immunology
Cell Biology

Background:

Medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) are essential for T cell selection and the establishment of central immune tolerance.
The precise mechanisms regulating mTEC development remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the coordinated roles of autoreactive T cells and TNF receptor superfamily members in mTEC development.

Main Methods:

The study integrates findings from three independent research papers (Akiyama et al., 2008; Hikosaka et al., 2008; Irla et al., 2008).
Analysis likely involved genetic models, cell-based assays, and immunological techniques to investigate cellular interactions and signaling pathways.

Main Results:

Autoreactive T cells play a coordinating role in mTEC development.
Members of the TNF receptor superfamily are integral to this developmental process.
These components act in concert to shape the thymic microenvironment.

Conclusions:

The interplay between autoreactive T cells and TNF signaling is critical for proper mTEC development.
This coordinated action contributes to the generation of a functional T cell repertoire and immune self-tolerance.