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Related Concept Videos

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview01:13

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview

Heterocyclic aromatic compounds are cyclic compounds that are aromatic and have one or more heteroatoms—atoms other than carbon, in the ring. Depending upon the number of atoms present in the ring, they can be either five or six-membered. Examples of five-membered heterocyclic aromatic compounds include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and imidazole. Pyrrole consists of one nitrogen atom having one lone pair of electrons. Furan and thiophene have one oxygen and one sulfur heteroatom, respectively.
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Periodic Classification of the Elements04:00

Periodic Classification of the Elements

The periodic table arranges atoms based on increasing atomic number so that elements with the same chemical properties recur periodically. When their electron configurations are added to the table, a periodic recurrence of similar electron configurations in the outer shells of these elements is observed. Because they are in the outer shells of an atom, valence electrons play the most important role in chemical reactions. The outer electrons have the highest energy of the electrons in an atom...
Electron Configuration of Multielectron Atoms03:26

Electron Configuration of Multielectron Atoms

The alkali metal sodium (atomic number 11) has one more electron than the neon atom. This electron must go into the lowest-energy subshell available, the 3s orbital, giving a 1s22s22p63s1 configuration. The electrons occupying the outermost shell orbital(s) (highest value of n) are called valence electrons, and those occupying the inner shell orbitals are called core electrons. Since the core electron shells correspond to noble gas electron configurations, we can abbreviate electron...
Cycloalkanes02:28

Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are saturated cyclic hydrocarbons with carbon atoms arranged in the form of rings. They have two fewer hydrogen atoms than the corresponding acyclic alkane; therefore, their general formula is CnH2n. The structural formulas of cycloalkanes are simplified using the line-angle representation. The regular polygons are used to represent the cycloalkane rings, with each side representing a carbon-carbon bond.
The IUPAC nomenclature of cycloalkanes follows similar rules that apply to...
Frost Circles for Different Conjugated Systems01:18

Frost Circles for Different Conjugated Systems

The inscribed polygon method is consistent with Hückel’s 4n + 2 rule and helps to learn whether the given cyclic compound is aromatic or not. The compound is stable and aromatic if every bonding molecular orbital (MO) is completely filled with a pair of electrons. However, if the non-bonding or antibonding orbitals are filled with electrons, the compound is unstable and not aromatic. Consider the Frost circle diagrams for cycloalkenes containing 4 to 8 carbons.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures
08:40

Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures

Published on: May 15, 2018

Binary stacks of [CuC6F5]4 with arenes.

Ami Doshi1, Krishnan Venkatasubbaiah, Arnold L Rheingold

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|September 20, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Researchers formed novel organocopper aggregates with naphthalene and 2,2′-bithiophene. Crystallographic data reveal that copper-pi, copper-sulfur, and pi-interactions drive this supramolecular assembly.

Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Crystal Engineering

Background:

  • Organocopper complexes are vital in organic synthesis.
  • Understanding supramolecular assembly in organometallic systems is crucial for designing new materials.
  • Aromatic stacking interactions play a key role in molecular recognition and self-assembly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the first formation of binary stacks of intact organocopper aggregates.
  • To investigate the self-assembly of organocopper complexes with aromatic arenes.
  • To elucidate the driving forces behind the supramolecular assembly of these aggregates.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of organocopper complexes.
  • Crystallization and X-ray diffraction analysis.

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Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
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Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities

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Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene
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Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene

Published on: March 20, 2017

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Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene
09:45

Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene

Published on: March 20, 2017

  • Computational modeling to analyze intermolecular interactions.
  • Main Results:

    • Successfully formed binary stacks of organocopper aggregates with naphthalene and 2,2′-bithiophene.
    • Crystallographic data confirmed the presence of well-defined supramolecular structures.
    • Identified key non-covalent interactions including Cu-pi, Cu-S, and perfluoroarene-arene pi-interactions supporting the assembly.

    Conclusions:

    • The study demonstrates a novel approach to constructing organocopper supramolecular architectures.
    • Cu-pi, Cu-S, and pi-arene interactions are critical for the stability and formation of these binary stacks.
    • Findings provide insights into the rational design of organometallic supramolecular structures.