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New approaches to nonlinear diffractive field propagation.

P T Christopher1, K J Parker

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Rochester, New York 14627.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|July 1, 1991
PubMed
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A new acoustic model accurately predicts complex sound beam patterns by accounting for diffraction, attenuation, and nonlinearity. This advancement is crucial for applications like medical ultrasound and sonar, improving field calculations beyond traditional approximations.

Area of Science:

  • Acoustic field propagation
  • Nonlinear acoustics
  • Ultrasound imaging

Background:

  • Realistic acoustic beam pattern calculations require accounting for diffraction from finite sources.
  • Medium losses and nonlinear effects are significant in many acoustic applications.
  • Existing models struggle with combined diffraction, attenuation, and nonlinear effects, especially in the near field.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel, computationally efficient model for propagating acoustic fields from baffled planar sources.
  • To accurately simulate nonlinear acoustic phenomena, including diffraction, attenuation, refraction, and reflection.
  • To overcome limitations of the parabolic wave approximation in acoustic field modeling.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an incremental propagation model with substeps for diffraction, attenuation, and nonlinearity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Implemented a discrete Hankel transform for spatial propagation with diffraction and attenuation.
  • Utilized the temporal frequency domain solution to Burgers' equation for nonlinear harmonic effects.

    • Main Results:

    • The model accurately predicts acoustic fields, including nonlinear effects, outperforming the parabolic wave approximation in the near field.
    • Demonstrated excellent agreement with experimental measurements of a nonlinear acoustic field.
    • Successfully simulated medical ultrasound device fields, spatial heating rates, and saturation-induced beam broadening.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel model provides a robust and efficient method for calculating acoustic beam patterns under complex conditions.
    • It accurately captures nonlinear acoustic phenomena previously intractable with existing models.
    • The model has significant implications for applications in medical ultrasound, sonar, and shock wave lithotripsy.