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ADD/ADHD and Impaired Executive Function in Clinical Practice.

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a cognitive disorder impacting executive functions, not just a behavior issue. Recognizing and treating these executive function impairments leads to effective management in most cases.

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The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), previously known as ADD, is a prevalent disorder in children and adults.
  • Misconceptions persist, with many clinicians viewing ADHD primarily as a behavioral disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify that ADHD is fundamentally a cognitive disorder.
  • To describe the nature of executive function (EF) impairments in ADHD.
  • To outline methods for recognizing and effectively treating ADHD based on EF deficits.

Main Methods:

  • The article reviews the concept of executive functions (EFs) as the brain's self-management system.
  • It details the characteristic pattern of chronic difficulties in daily task execution associated with impaired EFs.
  • Clinical recognition and treatment strategies for ADHD as an EF impairment are discussed.

Main Results:

  • ADHD is characterized by a developmental impairment of executive functions (EFs).
  • Impaired EFs manifest as a recognizable syndrome of chronic difficulties in performing daily tasks.
  • Effective treatment is achievable for most individuals once the disorder is correctly identified.

Conclusions:

  • ADHD is primarily a cognitive disorder stemming from impaired executive functions.
  • Recognizing ADHD through the lens of executive function deficits allows for effective clinical management.
  • Treatment strategies targeting EF impairments can significantly improve outcomes for individuals with ADHD.