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Factors affecting the coming out process for lesbians.

M J Kahn1

  • 1University of Cincinnati, Psychological Services Center.

Journal of Homosexuality
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

This study explored lesbian identity development using Cass's model, finding that subjective labeling and behavior align but progression speed doesn't guarantee integration. Four distinct identity development patterns were identified in 81 lesbians.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Gender Studies

Background:

  • Identity development is crucial for understanding subjective experiences.
  • Cass's model (1979) provides a framework for identity stages.
  • Lesbian identity formation involves unique psychosocial processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the utility of Cass's model in describing lesbian "coming out" experiences.
  • To examine the relationship between identity stages and behavioral correlates.
  • To explore factors influencing lesbian identity development, including family differentiation, sex-role attitudes, and internalized homophobia.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Cass's Stage Allocation Measure (1984a) and the Openness Questionnaire (1985).
  • Surveyed 81 lesbians anonymously using questionnaires.
  • Analyzed data concerning family differentiation, sex-role attitudes, and internalized homophobia.

Main Results:

  • Subjective labeling and behavior were found to be congruent.
  • The rate of progression through identity stages did not correlate with behavioral integration.
  • Identified four distinct patterns of lesbian identity development.
  • Intergenerational intimidation significantly related to stage development, sex-role attitudes, openness behavior, and internalized homophobia.

Conclusions:

  • Cass's model is useful for describing lesbian identity development, but stage progression speed is not indicative of behavioral integration.
  • Four distinct patterns of identity development suggest individual differences in stage relevance, speed, and attainment.
  • Intergenerational intimidation is a significant factor influencing various aspects of lesbian identity development.

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