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Updated: Jun 30, 2026
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The Third Channel-Assisted Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Technique for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Combined with Contralateral Disc Herniation
Published on: November 17, 2023
Norwood procedure combined with the Starnes procedure
Tomohiro Nakata1, Yoshifumi Fujimoto, Keiichi Hirose
1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|September 23, 2008
Summary
This case study details a complex congenital heart defect in a neonate, successfully managed with combined surgical procedures. The infant is recovering well and awaiting further treatment for her critical cardiac condition.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Congenital Heart Disease Surgery
Background:
- Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA) is a rare congenital heart defect.
- Ebstein anomaly, aortic atresia, and hypoplastic aortic arch present significant surgical challenges in neonates.
Observation:
- A 6-day-old female infant presented with multiple complex cardiac anomalies including ccTGA, Ebstein anomaly with severe tricuspid regurgitation, aortic atresia, hypoplastic aortic arch, and patent ductus arteriosus.
- The infant underwent a staged surgical approach involving the Starnes and Norwood procedures.
Findings:
- Postoperative echocardiography confirmed good left ventricular function and a reduced right ventricular size.
- The surgical intervention resulted in an unobstructed aortic arch, indicating successful palliation.
Implications:
- This case highlights the feasibility of staged surgical palliation for neonates with complex single-ventricle physiology and associated anomalies.
- Successful early management provides a pathway for further surgical stages, such as the bidirectional Glenn operation, improving long-term outcomes.
