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Hypertension subtype and risk of cardiovascular disease in Chinese adults

Tanika N Kelly1, Dongfeng Gu, Jing Chen

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.

Circulation
|September 24, 2008
PubMed

Insights

All hypertension subtypes significantly increase cardiovascular disease risk in Chinese adults. Primary prevention of hypertension is crucial for public health in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Understanding the differential impact of hypertension subtypes on CVD risk is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.
  • Chinese adults represent a significant population group where hypertension prevalence and CVD burden are substantial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between different hypertension subtypes and the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular disease.
  • To quantify the risk associated with combined systolic-diastolic hypertension, isolated systolic hypertension, isolated diastolic hypertension, and treated hypertension.
  • To provide evidence for public health initiatives focused on hypertension management in China.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 169,871 Chinese adults aged 40 years and older.
  • Baseline data on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) collected in 1991.
  • Follow-up conducted in 1999-2000 to ascertain CVD incidence and mortality, with hypertension subtypes defined based on SBP/DBP thresholds.

Main Results:

  • Compared to normotensive individuals, all hypertension subtypes were associated with significantly elevated CVD incidence and mortality.
  • Combined systolic and diastolic hypertension showed the highest relative risks for CVD incidence (2.73) and mortality (2.53).
  • Isolated systolic hypertension (RR incidence 1.78, RR mortality 1.68) and isolated diastolic hypertension (RR incidence 1.59, RR mortality 1.45) also presented significant risks.

Conclusions:

  • All identified hypertension subtypes are linked to a substantially increased risk of cardiovascular disease in the Chinese adult population.
  • The findings underscore the importance of hypertension as a public health concern requiring primary prevention efforts.
  • Implementing effective hypertension prevention and management programs is essential for reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease in China.
Abstract

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