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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
What is the Skeletal System?01:02

What is the Skeletal System?

Overview
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.

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Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypophosphatasia.

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Reduced preoperative serum choline esterase levels and fecal peritoneal contamination as potential predictors for the leakage of intestinal sutures after source control in secondary peritonitis.

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[Recommendations for the healthcare of patients with FOP].

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Immune and stem cell compartments of acetabular and femoral bone marrow in hip osteoarthritis patients.

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Effects of different exercise intensity on bone mineral density in adults: a comparative systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Bone turnover and mineral metabolism in adult patients with hypophosphatasia treated with asfotase alfa.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics
09:43

Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics

Published on: March 1, 2022

[Pathophysiology of bone metabolism].

F Jakob1, L Seefried, R Ebert

  • 1Orthopädisches Zentrum für Muskuloskelettale Forschung, Universität Würzburg, Brettreichstrasse 11, 97074, Würzburg, Deutschland. f-jakob.klh@uni-wuerzburg.de

Der Internist
|September 24, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Osteoporosis is a complex bone disease leading to fractures. It involves an imbalance between bone resorption by osteoclasts and formation by osteoblasts, influenced by genetics and hormones.

Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and metabolic diseases.

Context:

  • Osteoporosis is a multifactorial condition increasing fragility fracture risk.
  • Bone remodeling involves osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes.
  • Genetic, environmental, and systemic factors influence bone health.

Purpose:

  • To summarize the key biological mechanisms and regulatory systems involved in osteoporosis.
  • To highlight the factors modulating bone mass and resorption.

Summary:

  • Bone metabolism is regulated by growth factors (e.g., IGFs, BMPs, Wnts) and the RANK/RANK-Ligand/OPG system.
  • Osteocytes influence bone mass via sclerostin, an inhibitor of bone formation.
  • Sex hormones, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone are crucial in maintaining bone density.
  • An imbalance favoring osteoclast activity or impaired osteoblast function leads to osteoporosis.

More Related Videos

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation
07:17

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

Published on: April 14, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics
09:43

Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics

Published on: March 1, 2022

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation
07:17

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

Published on: April 14, 2016

Impact:

  • Understanding these pathways is crucial for developing targeted osteoporosis therapies.
  • This review provides insights into the complex interplay of factors affecting bone homeostasis.