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Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
Published on: January 17, 2025
First-session pathways to the working alliance in cognitive-behavioral therapy for adolescent depression
Robert Russell1, Stephen Shirk, Nathaniel Jungbluth
1Department of Pediatrics/Child Development, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. rrussell@mcw.edu
Abstract:
In the current study of cognitive-behavioral therapy for 54 depressed adolescents, chained p-technique was applied to 14 therapist behaviors that were rated in each 10-min segment of Session 1 provided by eight female therapists. Four underlying factors were identified: experiential socialization, therapist responsiveness, therapist lapse, and remoralization. Analysis of changes in the prominence of these factors revealed significant Factor X Session Segment trends. Therapist responsiveness and remoralization growth curves across Session [corrected] accounted for significant variance in Session 4 [corrected] therapist-rated alliance. Experiential socialization growth curves across Session 1 also accounted for significant variance in Session 3 adolescent-rated alliance. Results are discussed in terms of the importance of Session 1 therapist behaviors for adolescent alliance formation.
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