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Related Concept Videos

Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness01:14

Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness

Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance01:14

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance

Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the anxiety of...
Primary Motives: Sleep, Sex, and Pain Avoidance01:24

Primary Motives: Sleep, Sex, and Pain Avoidance

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Self-Discrepancy Theory

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
09:00

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Published on: October 3, 2020

Avoidance motivation in psychological problems and psychotherapy.

Martin Grosse Holtforth1

  • 1Martin Grosse Holtforth, Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. grosse@ptp.unibe.ch

Psychotherapy Research : Journal of the Society for Psychotherapy Research
|September 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Excessive avoidance motivation can impair psychological functioning and lead to psychopathology. Understanding and assessing this motivation is key for effective psychotherapy and improving well-being.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
09:00

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Published on: October 3, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Avoidance of negative experiences is a normal human behavior.
  • However, excessive avoidance can negatively impact mental health and psychological functioning.
  • This can manifest as psychopathology and impaired well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the role of avoidance motivation in psychological problems and psychotherapy.
  • To introduce the concept of avoidance motivation and present newly developed assessment measures.
  • To report empirical findings on avoidance motivation's relation to well-being, psychopathology, and therapy outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of avoidance motivation.
  • Development and presentation of novel measures for avoidance motivation intensity and satisfaction.
  • Empirical investigation using these measures to collect data.

Main Results:

  • Findings demonstrate a significant role of avoidance motivation in psychological well-being.
  • Avoidance motivation is linked to various psychological problems and psychopathology.
  • The intensity and satisfaction of avoidance motivation predict psychotherapy outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Avoidance motivation is a crucial factor in understanding and treating psychological disorders.
  • The developed measures offer valuable tools for both research and clinical practice.
  • Further research should explore the theoretical and practical implications for psychotherapy and mental health.