Identification of recombinant equine growth hormone in horse plasma by LC-MS/MS: a confirmatory analysis in doping...

Equine growth hormone (eGH) has been available since 1998 as an approved drug (EquiGen-5, Bresagen) containing recombinant eGH (reGH). It is suspected of being illegally administered to racehorses in order to improve physical performance and to speed-up wound healing. Thus it may be considered a doping agent which would require a sensitive and reliable method of identification and confirmation in order to regulate its use in racehorses. reGH differs from the native eGH by an additional methionine at the N-terminal (met-eGH) and has never been unambiguously detected in any type of biological matrix at trace concentrations (1-10 microg/L). A plasma sample (4 mL) was treated with ammonium sulfate at the reGH isoelectric point and the pellet was purified by solid-phase extraction. Specific peptides were generated by trypsin digestion and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The detection limit was 1 microg/L. The method was validated according to European Union regulation (DEC/2002/657/EC) and the Association of Official Racing Chemists (AORC) requirements. Furthermore, it was successfully applied to determining the plasma concentrations of reGH with time using linear ion trap mass analyzer. The presence of this prohibited hormone (reGH) was also successfully detected by triple quadrupole mass spectrometry up to 48 h postadministration of reGH to a horse. The present LC-MS/MS method is the first with adequate sensitivity and specificity for detection of reGH, rbGH, and endogenous eGH. Hence, an efficient analytical tool is proposed as a means to fulfilling the regulation of reGH abuse in the horse racing industry.