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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

MicroRNAs in cancer.

Yong Sun Lee1, Anindya Dutta

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. ad8q@virginia.edu

Annual Review of Pathology
|September 27, 2008
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNA (miRNA) profiling reveals global miRNA expression patterns linked to cancer type and stage. These findings highlight miRNAs

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators in various biological processes.
  • Global miRNA expression profiling (miRNome profiling) is increasingly utilized in cancer research.
  • Abundant miRNome data are available for numerous cancer types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of miRNA expression profiling in cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
  • To investigate the involvement of miRNAs in fundamental cancer biology, including proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis.
  • To discuss the potential of miRNAs as therapeutic agents in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of global miRNA expression levels (miRNome profiling) across different cancer types.

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Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

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  • Correlation of miRNA expression patterns with clinical variables such as cancer type and stage.
  • Review of existing literature on miRNA functions in cancer biology and therapeutic applications.

    • Main Results:

    • MiRNA expression patterns are significantly correlated with cancer type, stage, and other clinical variables.
    • MiRNA expression analyses suggest both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive roles for specific miRNAs.
    • miRNAs are implicated in nearly all key aspects of cancer biology.

    Conclusions:

    • MiRNA profiling serves as a valuable tool for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
    • Dysregulated miRNAs are key players in cancer etiology and progression, with many yet to be fully characterized.
    • miRNAs hold significant promise as novel targets for cancer therapy.