Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Overview of Regeneration and Repair

Overview of Regeneration and Repair

Regeneration and repair processes are critical in healing damages caused by injury, disease, and aging. In regeneration, the damaged tissue is entirely replaced with new growth that restores the original architecture and function. In contrast, tissue repair usually results in a fixed tissue architecture involving scar formation. Scars generally do not reestablish tissue function and may also exhibit structural abnormalities at the injury site.
Regeneration
All animals have varying degrees of...

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own EpiSCs...

Whole Body Regeneration

Whole Body Regeneration

Regeneration is the process of restoring injured or lost tissues, organs, or body parts. While simpler organisms generally show greater ability to regenerate their whole body, few complex animals show similarly exceptional regeneration. For example, planarian flatworms have a unique regenerative potential making them a popular study organism among biologists to understand the mechanisms of whole body regeneration. Other organisms, such as hydra, also show extreme regeneration potential; even...

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Treatment of spinal cord injury, by restoration of neuronal networks using a combination of surgery and KCL-286, an orally available retinoic acid receptor β drug.

Frontiers in surgery·2026

Same author

C286, an orally available retinoic acid receptor β agonist drug, regulates multiple pathways to achieve spinal cord injury repair.

Frontiers in molecular neuroscience·2024

Same author

Corrigendum to "Discovery and lead optimisation of a potent, selective and orally bioavailable RARβ agonist for the potential treatment of nerve injury" [Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 29(8) (2019) 995-1000].

Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters·2019

Same author

Discovery and lead optimisation of a potent, selective and orally bioavailable RARβ agonist for the potential treatment of nerve injury.

Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters·2019

Same author

Surgical reconstruction of spinal cord circuit provides functional return in humans.

Neural regeneration research·2018

Same author

Structural and Functional Substitution of Deleted Primary Sensory Neurons by New Growth from Intrinsic Spinal Cord Nerve Cells: An Alternative Concept in Reconstruction of Spinal Cord Circuits.

Frontiers in neurology·2017

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Maximum Isometric Tetanic Force Measurement of the Tibialis Anterior Muscle in the Rat

Maximum Isometric Tetanic Force Measurement of the Tibialis Anterior Muscle in the Rat

Published on: June 26, 2021

Root repair review: basic science background and clinical outcome.

Thomas Carlstedt¹

¹University College London, The PNI-Unit, The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7 4LP, UK. carlstedt.thomas@googlemail.com

Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience

|September 30, 2008

Summary

Spinal nerve root avulsion causes significant damage, impacting both the peripheral and central nervous systems. A novel surgical strategy shows promise for treating spinal cord injuries, improving function and alleviating pain.

More Related Videos

Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration

Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration

Published on: May 25, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Maximum Isometric Tetanic Force Measurement of the Tibialis Anterior Muscle in the Rat

Maximum Isometric Tetanic Force Measurement of the Tibialis Anterior Muscle in the Rat

Published on: June 26, 2021

Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration

Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration

Published on: May 25, 2012

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Spinal Cord Injury Research
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Spinal nerve root avulsion results in severe damage to the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS).
This injury triggers a cascade of events, including axonal degeneration, synapse loss, and scar formation, similar to other spinal cord injuries.
Successful functional recovery requires nerve cell survival and regeneration through both growth-inhibitory CNS tissue and growth-promoting PNS tissue.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of spinal nerve root avulsion on the nervous system.
To evaluate a novel surgical strategy for treating spinal cord injuries resulting from root avulsion.
To identify areas for improvement in current treatment approaches for enhanced functional recovery and pain alleviation.

Main Methods:

Review of basic science experiments and clinical outcomes of a surgical strategy for spinal cord injury.
Analysis of factors influencing nerve regeneration, including CNS growth-inhibitory and PNS growth-promoting tissues.
Assessment of the impact of surgical delay on nerve cell survival and functional recovery.

Main Results:

A surgical strategy has been developed, showing promise in restoring useful function and alleviating pain in patients with complete nerve avulsion.
Challenges remain, including non-directional growth and unspecific reinnervation in PNS regeneration, leading to unpredictable sensorimotor outcomes.
The effectiveness of the surgical technique is significantly diminished by delays in treatment, resulting in nerve cell death and incomplete recovery.

Conclusions:

The developed surgical strategy represents a promising treatment for spinal cord injuries due to root avulsion.
Further research and clinical development are crucial to overcome current limitations, improve functional recovery, and achieve complete pain alleviation.
Addressing the impact of surgical delay is essential for maximizing treatment efficacy and patient outcomes.