[Cartilage tumors of the skeleton]

Although the spectrum of benign and malignant cartilaginous bone tumors is extremely wide, a distinct diagnosis, even from small biopsy specimens, is almost always possible if radiological findings, age, clinical data, and localization within the skeleton as well as within the bone are considered. With limitations, this also holds true for distinguishing enchondromas from low-grade chondrosarcomas; however, extensive experience in multidisciplinary bone tumor diagnosis is required. In single cases, immunohistochemical findings may be helpful in the differential diagnosis if they are integrated into the context of all other findings. Because of treatment-related or prognosis-related consequences, collaboration with a reference center is recommended.