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Updated: Jun 30, 2026

A Doxorubicin-induced Cardiomyopathy Model in Adult Zebrafish

A Doxorubicin-induced Cardiomyopathy Model in Adult Zebrafish

Published on: June 7, 2018

Cardiotoxicity after massive amantadine overdose.

Michael Schwartz¹, Manish Patel, Ziad Kazzi

¹Georgia Poison Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. aeo8@cdc.gov

Journal of Medical Toxicology : Official Journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology

|September 30, 2008

Summary

Massive amantadine hydrochloride overdose can cause severe cardiotoxicity. Prompt treatment with hypertonic saline and electrolyte correction is crucial for managing life-threatening arrhythmias and improving patient outcomes.

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Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

A Doxorubicin-induced Cardiomyopathy Model in Adult Zebrafish

A Doxorubicin-induced Cardiomyopathy Model in Adult Zebrafish

Published on: June 7, 2018

Area of Science:

Toxicology
Cardiology
Emergency Medicine

Background:

Amantadine hydrochloride is an antiviral agent also used for parkinsonism and cognitive enhancement.
Acute, massive ingestion of amantadine hydrochloride can lead to severe toxicity.
This report details two cases of significant amantadine overdose.

Observation:

A 47-year-old woman ingested 10 g of amantadine, presenting with ventricular tachycardia and cardiac arrest.
ECG showed prolonged QRS and QTc, with profound hypokalemia (1.0 mEq/L).
A 33-year-old woman ingested 100 tablets (10 g) of amantadine, exhibiting sinus tachycardia with ECG abnormalities and hypokalemia (3.0 mEq/L).

Findings:

Hypertonic saline rapidly resolved ECG abnormalities in the first case.
Both patients experienced significant hypokalemia, requiring electrolyte repletion.
ECG abnormalities normalized within hours to days after treatment and electrolyte correction.

Implications:

Acute amantadine toxicity presents with life-threatening cardiotoxicity.
Profound hypokalemia is a common complication that can affect treatment strategies.
Aggressive management including hypertonic saline and electrolyte correction is vital for survival and recovery.