Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 30, 2026
Femoral Vascular Graft Implantation in a Swine Model to Test Small-Diameter Vascular Grafts
Published on: July 8, 2025
An anatomic study of vascularized fibular grafts
Yue-liang Zhu1, Yong-qing Xu, Jun Yang
1Orthopedic Department, Kunming General Hospital, Chengdu Military Command, Kunming 650032, China. zhuyuelianghu@sina.com
Objective:
To study the applied anatomy of the vascular and muscular innervations related to vascularized fibular grafts.
Methods:
Thirty-four cadaveric lower extremities were dissected for this study. The observations included fibular length, fibular nutrient artery, arcuate arteries, and innervation of fibular muscles. The fibulas were averagely divided into four segments and the locations of relevant vessels and nerves were ascertained.
Results:
All specimens had 1 fibular nutrient artery and 4-9 arcuate arteries except 1 specimen which had only 1 arcuate artery. The fibular nutrient artery and the first three arcuate arteries were constantly located between the distal half of the 1/4 segment and 2/4 segment of the fibula. The muscular branch of the superficial peroneal nerve passed through the surface of the periosteum in the 2/4 segment of the fibula.
Conclusions:
The most proximal osteotomy point locates at the midpoint of the 1/4 segment by which it ensure the maximal potential for preserving the nutrient vessels. The muscular branch of the superficial peroneal nerve is fragile to injury at the 2/4 segment of the fibula.
