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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Foot Ulcer01:31

Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Definition A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic, non-healing wound that develops in individuals with diabetes. It typically occurs on pressure-bearing areas such as the heel, metatarsal heads, or hallux, and carries a high risk of infection and amputation.Pathophysiology • The development of DFUs can be explained by four interconnected mechanisms: neuropathy, ischemia, infection, and impaired wound healing. • Neuropathy is the most common factor. Sensory neuropathy reduces pain perception,...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses, temperature changes,...
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is based on...
Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis01:25

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Effects of Mindfulness Training Combined with Tai Chi in Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
05:06

Effects of Mindfulness Training Combined with Tai Chi in Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Published on: July 14, 2023

[Diabetic foot: detection and prevention].

J Martini1

  • 1Service de Diabétologie-Maladies Métaboliques - Nutrition, Pôle Cardio-Vasculaire et Métaboliques, CHU Toulouse - Rangueil, Toulouse Cedex 9, France. martini.j@chu-toulouse.fr

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|September 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Foot care programs significantly reduce foot ulcerations and amputations. Key prevention strategies include regular foot exams, patient education, and appropriate footwear for high-risk individuals with peripheral neuropathy.

Area of Science:

  • Podiatry
  • Diabetology
  • Preventive Medicine

Context:

  • Foot ulcerations and amputations are serious complications, often linked to peripheral neuropathy.
  • Peripheral neuropathy, frequently associated with peripheral vascular disease and foot deformities, is a primary risk factor for foot ulcers.

Purpose:

  • To outline essential components of effective foot care prevention programs.
  • To emphasize the role of risk stratification and patient education in preventing foot pathologies.

Summary:

  • Effective foot care hinges on five cornerstones: regular foot and footwear examination, identifying high-risk patients, comprehensive education, appropriate footwear, and treating non-ulcerative conditions.
  • The Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test categorizes patients into four risk levels, guiding management strategies.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Effects of Mindfulness Training Combined with Tai Chi in Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
05:06

Effects of Mindfulness Training Combined with Tai Chi in Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Published on: July 14, 2023

  • Multidisciplinary foot care teams and targeted programs are crucial for high-risk patients, with education enhancing motivation and compliance.

    • Impact:

    • Implementation of these programs can lead to a significant reduction in foot ulcerations and amputations.
    • Empowering patients with knowledge and skills improves adherence to preventive measures.
    • Early identification and management of risk factors can prevent severe outcomes and improve patient quality of life.