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Scleral implants: an historical perspective.

C L Schepens1, F Acosta

  • 1Eye Research Institute and Retina Associates, Boston, Massachusetts.

Survey of Ophthalmology
|May 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Scleral implants utilize absorbable and nonabsorbable materials for eye surgery. Hydrogels, like the MAI implant, show promise as ideal materials due to their properties and antibiotic release capabilities.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Scleral implants are crucial in ophthalmic surgery, requiring materials that are biocompatible and effective.
  • Materials range from autogenous and cadaveric tissues to synthetic polymers and hydrogels.

Observation:

  • Nonabsorbable materials, particularly silicone rubber and sponge, are widely used due to practicality and ease of handling.
  • Expandable silicone balloons offer temporary or permanent volume augmentation.
  • Hydrogels, such as Refojo's MAI implant, present unique advantages including suture compatibility and controlled antibiotic release.

Findings:

  • Specially prepared gelatin shows utility among absorbable materials.
  • Solid silicone rubber is a popular, well-tolerated nonabsorbable option.
  • Hydrogels offer ideal properties for scleral implantation, including microporosity to prevent microbial penetration and sustained antibiotic elution.

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Implications:

  • The development of advanced scleral implant materials like hydrogels can improve surgical outcomes and patient recovery.
  • Surgical adhesives, such as isobutyl cyanoacrylate, provide alternatives for thin or weak sclera.
  • Further research into hydrogel properties could lead to enhanced drug delivery systems and improved scleral reinforcement.