Developmental hyperoxia attenuates the hypoxic ventilatory response in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)

Early life experiences can influence development of the respiratory control system. We hypothesized that chronic hyperoxia (60% O(2)) during development would attenuate the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica), similar to the effects of developmental hyperoxia in mammals. Quail were exposed to hyperoxia during prenatal development, during postnatal development, or during both prenatal and postnatal development (for approximately 2 or 4 weeks). HVR (11% O(2)) was subsequently assessed in adults (>6 weeks old) via barometric plethysmography and compared to quail raised in normoxia (i.e., control). The HVR of quail exposed to hyperoxia both prenatally and postnatally was reduced 50-60% compared to control quail whereas postnatally exposed quail exhibited normal HVR. The effects of prenatal hyperoxia on HVR were equivocal and depended on how HVR was expressed. We conclude that developmental exposure to 60% O(2) attenuates the HVR in quail and that the critical period for this plasticity encompasses the late prenatal and early postnatal periods.