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Related Concept Videos

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...
Maturation of Endosomes01:28

Maturation of Endosomes

The early endosome containing internalized molecules matures through transformations in its location, morphology, intraluminal pH, and membrane protein composition. Together, these changes result in a more acidic late endosome that contains multiple intraluminal vesicles; therefore, the late endosome is also called a multivesicular body (MVB).
Changes in location
The maturing endosome moves along microtubules from the periphery of the cell towards the perinuclear region. This movement of the...
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...

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Related Experiment Video

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Recapitulating Suckling-to-Weaning Transition In Vitro using Fetal Intestinal Organoids
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Proteomic changes during intestinal cell maturation in vivo.

Jinsook Chang1, Mark R Chance, Courtney Nicholas

  • 1Center for Proteomics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

Journal of Proteomics
|October 1, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Intestinal cell maturation involves changes in protein expression, with differentiated cells showing increased brush border proteins and glycolysis. This process is mainly controlled at the gene expression level.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Recapitulating Suckling-to-Weaning Transition In Vitro using Fetal Intestinal Organoids
08:15

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Published on: November 15, 2019

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Published on: August 10, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Cell Biology
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Intestinal epithelial cells mature along the crypt-villus axis.
  • Understanding molecular signatures of this maturation is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify proteins differentially expressed during intestinal cell maturation.
  • To elucidate molecular mechanisms regulating this process.

Main Methods:

  • Proteomic analysis using 2D-DIGE and MALDI-MS.
  • Validation by immunohistochemistry.
  • Correlation with gene expression data.

Main Results:

  • Identified 46 differentially expressed proteins between crypt and villus.
  • Upregulated proteins in villus cells are linked to brush border assembly, lipid uptake, and glycolysis.
  • Proteins involved in nucleotide metabolism and protein processing were increased in crypt cells.
  • Discovered three novel Paneth cell markers: AGR2, HSPA5, and RRBP1.
  • Observed strong correlation between proteomic and gene expression changes.

Conclusions:

  • Intestinal cell maturation is characterized by distinct proteomic profiles.
  • Increased glycolysis and brush border functions are features of differentiated cells.
  • Transcriptional regulation primarily drives intestinal cell maturation.
  • Proteomic profiling provides insights into cellular differentiation and identifies novel markers.