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Health risks for marine mammal workers
Tania D Hunt1, Michael H Ziccardi, Frances M D Gulland
1Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms
|October 3, 2008
Summary
Marine mammal workers face significant risks of zoonotic diseases and injuries. Frequent direct contact and exposure to tissues increase the likelihood of illness, necessitating veterinary consultation.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Public Health
- Zoonotic Diseases
Background:
- Marine mammals harbor zoonotic pathogens, posing risks to human handlers.
- Previous research lacked comprehensive risk assessments for marine mammal occupations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify work-related injuries and illnesses in marine mammal professionals.
- To identify risk factors associated with marine mammal occupational exposure.
Main Methods:
- A 17-question survey was administered to marine mammal workers and volunteers.
- Respondents detailed their exposure, injuries, and illnesses.
- Data analysis focused on injury/illness prevalence and risk factors.
Main Results:
- 50% of respondents reported marine mammal-inflicted injuries; 23% experienced skin reactions.
- Common illnesses included 'seal finger,' dermatitis, and conjunctivitis.
- Severe zoonotic diseases like tuberculosis and brucellosis were reported, with risk factors including prolonged direct contact.
Conclusions:
- Marine mammal work presents substantial occupational health risks, including zoonotic disease transmission.
- Prolonged, frequent, and direct contact with marine mammals, their tissues, or excretions increases risk.
- Consultation with both physicians and marine mammal veterinarians is crucial for at-risk workers.
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