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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Atomic physics
  • Quantum sensing

Background:

  • Quantum entanglement is a key resource for improving measurement precision beyond classical limits.
  • The standard quantum limit is a benchmark for current sensors, often achieved with interferometers.
  • Bose-Einstein condensates of ultracold atoms are promising for generating multi-particle entangled states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate spin-squeezed states suitable for atomic interferometry.
  • To utilize ultracold atoms as a platform for quantum-enhanced measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Splitting a Bose-Einstein condensate into multiple parts using a lattice potential.
  • Site-resolved detection of atoms to measure atom number differences and relative phases.
  • Characterizing quantum fluctuations to confirm entanglement.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated spin-squeezed states in a multi-component Bose-Einstein condensate.
  • Measured conjugate variables (atom number difference and relative phase) with correlated fluctuations.
  • Demonstrated entanglement with potential for a 3.8 dB precision gain over the standard quantum limit.

Conclusions:

  • Spin-squeezed states in ultracold atoms are achievable for atomic interferometry.
  • Entanglement in these systems provides a resource for surpassing the standard quantum limit.
  • This work paves the way for next-generation quantum sensors with enhanced precision.