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Ruminal phosphorus disappearance from corn and soybean feedstuffs
K Mjoun1, K F Kalscheur, A R Hippen
1Dairy Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007, USA.
Journal of Dairy Science
|October 4, 2008
Summary
Corn and soybean byproducts, except soyhulls, show high phosphorus disappearance in the rumen of dairy cows. This research quantizes phosphorus availability from various feedstuffs for improved dairy cow nutrition.
Area of Science:
- Animal Science
- Nutritional Biochemistry
- Ruminant Physiology
Background:
- Phosphorus (P) is crucial for dairy cow health and productivity.
- Corn and soybean byproducts are common feed ingredients with high P content.
- Limited data exists on the ruminal P disappearance of these byproducts in lactating dairy cows.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the in situ P disappearance from various corn and soybean feedstuffs in lactating dairy cows.
- To quantify the water-soluble (A(P)), slowly available (B(P)), and effectively disappeared (ED(P)) fractions of P.
- To assess the impact of different processing methods on P availability.
Main Methods:
- Two experiments utilizing the in situ Dacron bag technique with ruminally cannulated lactating dairy cows.
- Incubation of feedstuffs (dried distillers grains with solubles, corn germ, soybean meals, extruded soybeans, soyhulls, wet distillers grains) for varying durations (2-48 hours).
- Analysis of P fractions (A(P), B(P)) and calculation of effective disappearance (ED(P)).
Main Results:
- Dried distillers grains with solubles (DDG) exhibited the highest water-soluble P (A(P) ~82.1%) and effective disappearance (ED(P) ~93.5%).
- Soyhulls (SH) had the lowest A(P) (45%) and ED(P) (69.1%), with the highest slowly available P (B(P) ~45.6%).
- Other feedstuffs like corn germ, soybean meals, and extruded soybeans showed high ED(P) ranging from 87.0% to 93.3%.
Conclusions:
- Most corn and soybean byproducts, excluding soyhulls, demonstrate significant ruminal P disappearance.
- Understanding these P fractions is vital for formulating diets to optimize P utilization and minimize environmental excretion.
- Variability exists in P bioavailability among different byproduct sources and processing methods.
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