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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and the...
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution00:52

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution

At room temperature, the chair conformer of cyclohexane undergoes rapid ring flipping between two equivalent chair conformers at a rate of approximately 105 times per second. These two chair conformers are in equilibrium. The rapid ring flipping results in the interconversion of the axial proton to an equatorial proton and an equatorial to the axial proton. Such interconversions are too rapid and cannot be detected on the NMR timescale. Hence, the NMR spectrometer cannot distinguish between the...
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
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Sound Waves: Resonance01:14

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Resonance is produced depending on the boundary conditions imposed on a wave. Resonance can be produced in a string under tension with symmetrical boundary conditions (i.e., has a node at each end). A node is defined as a fixed point where the string does not move. The symmetrical boundary conditions result in some frequencies resonating and producing standing waves, while other frequencies interfere destructively. Sound waves can resonate in a hollow tube, and the frequencies of the sound...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Extreme Nanowires and Other 1D Systems
07:44

Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Extreme Nanowires and Other 1D Systems

Published on: April 28, 2016

Raman resonance effect in liquid water.

Marcin Pastorczak, Marcin Kozanecki, Jacek Ulanski

    The Journal of Physical Chemistry. A
    |October 7, 2008
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study reveals that the intensity ratio of Raman spectral components in liquid water is excitation wavelength-dependent. This finding is the first report of a Raman resonance effect in water.

    Area of Science:

    • Physical Chemistry
    • Spectroscopy
    • Water Science

    Background:

    • Raman spectroscopy is crucial for studying water structure, analyzing hydrogen bond networks via OH stretching modes.
    • The intensity ratio of Raman bands (3200 and 3400 cm⁻¹) is traditionally linked to water's hydrogen bond network.
    • Previous studies assumed this ratio was independent of excitation wavelength.

    Discussion:

    • This research investigates the influence of visible excitation wavelengths on the OH stretching Raman bands of liquid water.
    • Polarized Raman spectra reveal that the 3200 cm⁻¹ component exhibits resonance with red light.
    • This resonance is consistent with vibrational overtones observed in water's UV-Vis absorption spectrum.

    Key Insights:

    • The intensity ratio of key Raman bands in liquid water is demonstrably dependent on the excitation wavelength.

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  • A Raman resonance effect has been observed and documented in liquid water for the first time.
  • The 3200 cm⁻¹ band's resonance behavior provides new insights into water's complex hydrogen bonding and electronic structure.

    • Outlook:

    • Further exploration of resonance Raman spectroscopy could refine our understanding of water's dynamic hydrogen bond network.
    • Investigating other excitation wavelengths may uncover additional resonance phenomena in water.
    • This work opens new avenues for using Raman spectroscopy to probe solute-water interactions with greater sensitivity.