Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Phylum Cyanobacteria01:30

Bacterial Phylum Cyanobacteria

Cyanobacteria are a diverse group of oxygenic, phototrophic bacteria that played a pivotal role in converting Earth’s atmosphere from anoxic to oxygen-rich billions of years ago. They exhibit remarkable morphological diversity, ranging from unicellular forms to filamentous types, with cell sizes varying between 0.5 μm and 100 μm. Cyanobacteria are classified into five groups: Chroococcales (unicellular, dividing by binary fission), Pleurocapsales (unicellular, dividing by multiple fission),...
Anoxygenic Photosynthesis01:30

Anoxygenic Photosynthesis

Anoxygenic photosynthesis is a phototrophic process that captures light energy to drive carbon fixation without producing molecular oxygen. Unlike oxygenic photosynthesis, which utilizes water as an electron donor and releases oxygen, anoxygenic phototrophs use alternative electron donors such as hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), elemental sulfur (S⁰), or thiosulfate (S₂O₃²⁻). This process is carried out by diverse groups of bacteria, including purple bacteria, green sulfur bacteria, heliobacteria, and...
Oxygenic Photosynthesis01:26

Oxygenic Photosynthesis

Oxygenic photosynthesis is a fundamental process in which light energy is harnessed to drive the oxidation of water, leading to the production of molecular oxygen (O₂), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). This process is essential for sustaining aerobic life on Earth and is primarily carried out by cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. The core of oxygenic photosynthesis lies in the thylakoid membranes, where chlorophyll pigments facilitate light...
Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns01:29

Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns

Microorganisms exhibit diverse oxygen requirements and growth patterns driven by their metabolic strategies and environmental adaptations. Oxygen, while essential for many organisms, can also be toxic under certain conditions, shaping how microorganisms grow and survive.Oxygen Requirements of MicroorganismsMicroorganisms are classified based on their ability to use or tolerate oxygen:● Obligate aerobes like Mycobacterium tuberculosis need oxygen for energy production, as it serves as the...
Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria01:28

Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria

Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria are a diverse group of microorganisms that perform photosynthesis without producing oxygen. They primarily include purple sulfur bacteria, purple nonsulfur bacteria, green sulfur bacteria, and green nonsulfur bacteria. These bacteria are classified into the Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Chlorobi, and Chloroflexi lineages, each with distinct physiological and ecological adaptations.Purple sulfur bacteria belong to the...
Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV01:43

Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV

During the electron transport chain, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are first transferred to complexes I and II, respectively. These two complexes then transfer the electrons to ubiquinol, which carries them further to complex III. Complex III passes the electrons across the intermembrane space to Cyt c, which carries them further to complex IV. Complex IV donates electrons to oxygen and reduces it to water. As electrons pass through complexes I, III, and IV, the energy released aids the pumping...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Regulation of cyanobacterial type IV pilus-dependent functions by interaction between a c-di-GMP receptor and two transcription factors.

Microbiological research·2026
Same author

A chromosome-level assembly of the alpine snow alga Chloromonas typhlos.

Scientific data·2026
Same author

A framework for building a synthetic cell from the SynCell Asia Initiative.

Nature biotechnology·2026
Same author

A dual-threshold system relying on multiple c-di-GMP metabolic enzymes controls cell fate of a cyanobacterium.

PLoS biology·2026
Same author

Relieving an elongation bottleneck unlocks eicosapentaenoic acid biosynthesis in the industrial microalga Nannochloropsis oceanica.

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology·2026
Same author

[Prediction of suitable habitats for Chrysanthemum indicum under climate change based on Biomod2 ensemble modeling].

Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos
11:05

Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos

Published on: July 7, 2014

Oxidative stress in cyanobacteria.

Amel Latifi1, Marion Ruiz, Cheng-Cai Zhang

  • 1Aix-Marseille Université and Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, CNRS-UPR9043, Marseille, France. latifi@ibsm.cnrs-mrs.fr

FEMS Microbiology Reviews
|October 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Cyanobacteria generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) during photosynthesis, especially under fluctuating light. Rapid antioxidant defenses are crucial for cyanobacteria survival in changing environments.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Photosynthesis
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are metabolic byproducts causing oxidative damage.
  • Oxygenic photosynthetic organisms like cyanobacteria inevitably produce ROS during photosynthesis.
  • Environmental factors, such as fluctuating light, exacerbate ROS production in cyanobacteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on ROS perception and antioxidant defense mechanisms in cyanobacteria.
  • To outline future perspectives in understanding cyanobacterial responses to oxidative stress.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on cyanobacteria and ROS.
  • Analysis of photosynthetic electron transport and CO(2) fixation pathways.
  • Examination of antioxidant defense systems.

More Related Videos

Generation of Marked and Markerless Mutants in Model Cyanobacterial Species
11:45

Generation of Marked and Markerless Mutants in Model Cyanobacterial Species

Published on: May 29, 2016

Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors
09:33

Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors

Published on: February 7, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos
11:05

Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos

Published on: July 7, 2014

Generation of Marked and Markerless Mutants in Model Cyanobacterial Species
11:45

Generation of Marked and Markerless Mutants in Model Cyanobacterial Species

Published on: May 29, 2016

Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors
09:33

Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors

Published on: February 7, 2018

Main Results:

  • Cyanobacteria face significant oxidative stress due to photosynthetic electron transport.
  • Light intensity fluctuations are a major trigger for ROS generation.
  • Effective ROS perception and rapid antioxidant responses are vital for survival.

Conclusions:

  • Cyanobacteria possess sophisticated mechanisms to manage ROS.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is key to cyanobacterial survival and adaptation.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate these complex defense systems.